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Furthermore, early in hischildhood, he already showed a talent for leadership. Being the first-born child of four children, Aa Gym has thecharacteristic of self-sufficiency and high creativity. Abdullah Gymnastiar (I shall hereafter name him Aa Gym 1 by which he iswell-known) is a very young religious leader since he was born in 1962 and onl圓3 years of age.
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AbdullahGymnastiar is the key-actor in these events and because he is the key-person asat once the founder and the leader of Daarut Tauhid, I would like first tointroduce him.Ģ.1 The Founder: K. These events were, first, the one-month itikaf (retreat, stay in a mosque) duringRamadhan and the closely related notion of lailatul qodar (the night ofpower/determinism), secondly the dreams of the Prophet Muhammad, then thehajj and umrah to Mecca, and finally the shilaturrahmi (bonds of friendship).Here I shall respectively describe these events, portraying how they functionedas the preconditions to the foundation of the pesantren and further tracing theirsignificance as rites de passage. It will be tangiblyapparent in the chapters to follow how these events, with the relative exceptionof hajj and umrah, became practised rituals in Daarut Tauhid in fulfilment of itsmission as the Bengkel Akhlaq. Echoing Van Gennepian sequences, these eventswere to a great extent rites de passage, in that they were necessary rites whichturned Gymnastiar from an ordinary persona into an extraordinary kyai (theleader of both the pesantren and many Muslims) and transformed theenvironment from an ordinary community into a distinguished pesantren milieu.įurthermore, these events can be seen as a potential foundation and will laterexplicitly illuminate both the very nature and the primary function of DaarutTauhid as the Bengkel Akhlaq (Workshop for Morality). There were, duringthis period, some events which are not merely significant but determinant inthe foundation of the pesantren. This period from 1987 up until 1990represents the period of the initial stages of the pesantren. Officially founded only in 1990, Pesantren Daarut Tauhid was in fact establishedearlier in 1987 by Abdullah Gymnastiar.